Anatomy mnemonics pdf free download

www.medinaz.com FIRST EDITION VISUAL M dA.) FU UGS ANAT ONINE 100+ Slides Dr. Nazmul AlamCopyright © 2018 by Nazmul Alam. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and Medinaz and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without Medinaz’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. www.medinaz.com> QO OQ O oO Oo 0 O O Qo QO CONTENTS NEUROANATOMY EMBRYOLOGY HISTOLOGY GROSS ANATOMY ABDOMEN GROSS ANATOMY HEAD & NEC K GROSS ANATOMY UPPER LIMB — GROSS ANATOMY LOWER LIMB” GROSS ANATOMY THORAX GROSS ANATOMY PELVIS MISCELLANEOUS www.medinaz.comNEUROANATOMY www.medinaz.com Location 8 3%Deep Cerebellar Nuclei woiocinedinar com From medial to lateral: Fastigial “Fat Girls Eat Donuts” Globose Emboliform Dentate, _ an Robertson Pet lf!STO TRING. = Argyll | Robertson Pupil (ARP) —— Accommodation Reflex Present (ARP) ARP <——— Pupillary Reflex Absent (PRA) www.medinaz.comAuditory Pathway www.medinaz.com “Hungry Girls 8 (ate) . Themselves” Hair cells spiral Ganglion cranial nerve 8 Nuclei (cochlear) Trapezoid body Superior olivary nucleus Lateral leminiscus Inferior colliculus Medial geniculate body Transverse temporal gyrus Basal Ganglia Pathway www. medinaz.com Indirect pathway = Inhibitory Direct pathway hence Excitatory www.medinaz.comCRANIAL NERVES Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Vestibulococlear © Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal Cranial nerve Types Cranial nerve www.medinaz.comOh = Olfactory Oh = Opte Oh = © evlomotor To = Trochlear Touch = Trigeminal And = Abducens Feet = Facial Veny = Vestibulococlear Giant = Grlossopharyngeal Volcano = Ahh = Hot = Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal www.medinaz.comCerebellar Damage Signs wwwmedinaz.com Dysdiadochokinesis Aan “DANISH” Nystagmus Intention tremor Slurred speech Hypotonia Cerebellar Nuclei “D-E-F-G” Dentate nucleus Emboliform nucleus Fastigial nucleus Globose nucleus www.medinaz.comForamen Ovale contents Mandibular nerve Accessory meningeal arte Lesser petrosal nerve Emissary vein Extraocular Muscles Nerve Supply ‘wwovmedinaz com Lateral Rectus = 6th cn nerve Superior Oblique = 4th cn nerve Others = 3rd cn nerve “LR6,S04,03” www.medinaz.comMEDINAS Trigeminal Nerve Branches www.medinaz.com “O My Mamma” Ophthalmic nerve | Maxillary nerve Mandibular nerve Maxillary Nerve Branches Men Gangs are Maximum Middle Meningeal Gangllar branch to sphenopalatine Maxitiary Infracrbital Superior alveolar (posterior, middle & anterior ) Zygomatic www.medinaz.comMEDINAZ Glossopharyngeal Nerve Branches www.medinaz.com “Many People Try Muscular Lawn Tennis” Pharyngeal Tonsillar Lingual Tympanic Ophthalmic Nerve Main Branches waww.medinaz.com Tentorial Lacrimal Frontal Supratrochlear “To Look For Some Nasociliary jew Candidates” Communicating br. | www.medinaz.comParasympathetic ganglion of Head and Neck Oro-Otic Crania @ iLiary Para = Pterygopatatin Sympawere=Submanot- i buLar g angtion www.medinaz.comChorea Common Causes www.medinaz.com ‘St. VITUS’S DANCE” Vascular Increased RBC (polycythemia) Toxins - CO, Mg, Hg Uremia SLE Senile chorea Drugs APLA syndrome Neurodegenerative condition - HD, neuroacanthocutosis, DRPLA Conception related - pregnancy Endocrine - hyperthyroidism, hyperglycaemia ou www.medinaz.comCavernous Sinus Contents www.medinaz.com “O TOM CAT” canotid OF" +nv: peouee” www.medinaz.comEMBRYOLOGY www.medinaz.com Location 26 20%Cartilage derivatives of 1st Pharyngeal arch T= Incus M = Matleus A = Ant. Ligenent of Super = Spine of Sphenoid XY = henomandi bular Se Y Sp Li ament Girl = Genial tubercle of mandible FATAL ERYTHROPOIESIS oung —— Yolk sac ler ——— _Liver ithesizes — Spleen lood ———> Bone marrow www.medinaz.comForegut Derivatives www.medinaz.com Lungs “Little Embryo People Do Like Esophagus ‘Swallowing, Producing Pancreas Duodenum (proximal) Liver Stomach Pancreas Gall bladder Tooth Eruption Mama = 's+ Molar = 6-7 wan Is = Ist Incisor = 7- ¢ In = ona Incison 8-9 Power = Ist Premotar = 9-lo, Papa = 2nd Premolar = |O-i . Can't = Canine "W-la. Make - ang Motar = 12-13. Mistake « 3nd Motar =18-25. www.medinaz.comLung Development Phases www.medinaz.com “Every Premature Child Takes Air” Embryonic period Pseudo glandular period Canalicular period Terminal sac period Alveolar period Neural Crest Derivatives waew.medinaz com Pia mater Schwann cells Arachnoid mater Neurone (dorsal root ganglion, sensory ganglion of 5,7,8,9,10, sympathetic ganglion) Adrenal medulla (Chromaffi Melanocytes www.medinaz.comOcular Structures Derived From Neuroectoderm www.medinaz.com Muscles of iris Optic nerve Retina (with RPE) Epithelium of Iris Epithelium of Cilliar www.medinaz.comPATAU Syndrome www.medinaz.com Cleft lip / palate Renal abnormalities | « ” cArdiac defects CRAMP Microcephaly Mental retardation Polydactyly 13 letters = Trisomy 13 PATAU Syndrome Microcephaly ental retardation www.medinaz.comPATAU Syndrome www.medinaz.com Microcephaly Undescended or abnormal teste www.medinaz.comRight to Left Shunt www.medinaz.com Tetralogy of fallot Tricuspid atresia Truncus arteriosus Transposition of great vessels Styloid process Stylohyoid ligament Smaller(lesser) cornu of | hyoid Superior part of body of hyoid ee oe www.medinaz.comTeratogenesis TE ratogenesis is most likely during organogenesis between the Third and Eight weeks of gestation pis www.medinaz.com Cranial & Spinal Neural crest Major Derivatives Glial cells(of peripheral ganglia) www.medinaz.comHISTOLOGYAdrenal Cortex Layers www.medinaz.com Glomerulosa Fasciculata Reticularis Resting zone Proliferative zone Hypertrophic zone Calcified cartilage zone Ossification zone Real People Have Career Opportunities www.medinaz.comCollagen Fibres www. medinaz.com Type One = BOne Type Two = CarTwolage (cartilage) Type Four = Floor (basement membrane) _ Collagen Molecules trite helices] Collagen Fibres worwmedinaz.com Type 1 = Bone, Skin & Tendon Type 2 = Cartilage Type 3 = Reticulin & Blood vessels Type 4 = Basement membrane CCellagen Molecules, Collagen Fbris Ierpla halices) Collagen Fhers “Be So Totally Cox Read Books” www.medinaz.comExtracellular Matrix Components Hyaluronic acid Elastin Laminin Proteoglycan Collagen Fibronectin “HELP Collagen Fibres” ona Micraflaments (cytoskeleten} Elastic Cartilage present in www.medinaz.com Epiglottis 4E Ear pinna External acoustic meatus (lateral part) Eustachian tube (medial part) www.medinaz.comEpiphyseal Plate : Zones “Real People Have Resting zone Career Opportunities” Proliferative zone Hypertrophic zone Calcified cartilage zone Ossification zone Layers of Epidermis Cisee) Lady Gaga’s Sexy Back' STRATUM Corneum Lucidum Granulosum Spinosum Basale naz_artonomy www.medinaz.comRetinal Layers www.medinaz.com in —> at. Limiting membrane New _, Nerve fiber’ Layer Generation —> (5, Lion cell Layer tt ——» Tanen plexiform layer 's ——+ T » JANuctean Layer Only ___» Outer Plexifowm » Ophthalmologists > Quter meclear layer Examining Ex. Lim/ting membnane Pationt’s > Photoreceprors Retina ——_» Retinal pigm amis op” hum www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY ABDOMEN www.medinaz.comABDOMINAL MUSCLES Transversus abdominis Internal abdominal obliq Rectus abdominis External abdominal ob www.medinaz.comoe Bowel Components www.medinaz.com proximal to distal.. Duodenum Jejunum “DJ Is A Cool Tleurn Singing Rockstar” Appendix Colon Sigmoid Rectum Celiac Trunk Branches ‘vow: madinaz.com “Left Hand Side” Left gastric artery Hepatic artery Splenic artery www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY HEAD & NECKAxillary Artery Primary Branches wawrmedinaz.com $s ome —+ Superior Mipioacic & - Tires > Thonacoacromial a Lite —> Lateral Moracic a Seems + Gubscapular a A —— Rat. cincumplen humerala . . Cipusmptlex Pais Faw humerata- Bell’s Palsy Symptoms Blink reflex abnorm: Earache Lacrimation Loss of taste Sudden onset Palsy of 7th All symptoms are Ui www.medinaz.comCarotid Sheath Contents www.medinaz.com I see (L.C.) = Internal Carotid artery 10 = CN 10 (Vagus nerve) CC = Common Carotid artery IV = Internal Jugular Vein “I See 10 CC's in the IV” Sphenoid Temporal Ethmoid Parietal Occipital Frontal www.medinaz.comAuricle & Auditory tube Cuneiform cartilage Epiglottis & External auditory canal Eye Rotation by Oblique Muscles veww.medinaz.com SM I Le— eye rotation Superior Oblique = Medial eye rotation Inferior Oblique = Lateral eye rotation www.medinaz.comFacial Bones wwe medina com “Viagra Can Not Make Vomer : . a Man's Penis Zebra Like’ Conchae Nasal Maxilla Mandible Palatine Zygomatic Lacrimal Vomer Sphenoid Nasal bone Frontal bone Ethmoid Palatine Maxillary www.medinaz.comExternal carotid artery branches ECA, Some > Supenion thyroid Angry — Ascending Phamyngeal Lagy — Lingual . Figured > Facial ~~ Out —> Occipital Post —> Posterior auricular Menopausal > Maxillary Syndrome —» § upenficiar Temporal Supentieiar Temponat Maxillary Artery Post. Auricutar Avteny Occipital Arteny Faciat Artery Linguat Artery Ascending pharyngeal SuperionThynoid Ariery Tynes ——4 Caerage aaa —— Carotia Bod Conetany Camotial Sinus www.medinaz.comNerves Passing Through Superior Orbital Fissure Lacrimal nerve Frontal nerve Trochlear nerve Abducent nerve Nasociliary ner Corti Organ Location www.medinaz.com COrti present inside the COchlea www.medinaz.comScalp Layers veww.medinaz.com “SCALP” Skin Connective tissue (dense) Aponeurotic layer Loose connective tissue Pericranium Extrinsic Muscles of Tongue wwwmedinaz.com Hyoglossus “Highly Stylish & Genius Princess” Styloglossus Genioglossus Palatoglossus www.medinaz.comSubclavian Artery Branches www.medinaz.com Very —+ Vertebral artery Interesting -» Internal thoracic art. Thing, Thyrocervical trunk Ly Inferior thyroid art. Served Suprascapular art. The Transverse cervical art. Country Costocervical art. Since Superior intercostal art. Dat(that) Deep cervical art. Day Dorsal scapular art. @O- ries Very Interesting Thing, | Served The Country Since Dat(that) Day “ www.medinaz.comSubclavian Artery Main Branches wwemeainaz com “VITamin C & D” Vertebral artery Internal thoracic Thyrocervical trunk Costocervical trunk Dorsal scapular INFERIOR VENA CAVA TRIBUTARIES {[-— Ltac vein (¢) Lie > Lumbar veins To — Testicular vains Rise Renat veins So o> Supra renal veins H igh > Hepatic veins www.medinaz.comThoracoacromial artery branches Mnemonic Cadavers 4€ bavicutar be. Arve —_ Acromial br. a Desd + Dettoid br Popte 2 Pectoral br. Sub scapular artery branches Mnemonic Pah Seapy tar —Thowaco Civcumfle Dorsal www.medinaz.com‘MEDINAZ SCALP NERVE SUPPLY Greater Occipital / Great auricular y Lesser Occipital Auriculotemporal Supratrochlear Supraorbital www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY UPPER LIMB www.medinaz.comBrachial Plexus: branches of posterior cord www.medinaz.com “ ” Subscapular (upper & lower) Thoracodorsal Upper : ‘Subs T Axillary ae Radial Axtiary N. To Latissimus Dorsi www.medinaz.comBrachial Plexus Subunits www.medinaz.com Roots “Regular Teen Drinks Trunks Cold Beer” Divisions Cords Branches Brachial Plexus Branches ‘www medinaz.com from lateral to medial: Musculocutaneous “My ARM Up” Axillary Radial Median Ulner www.medinaz.com— Carpal Bones Seaphoid She Looks Too Pretty Triquetrum Pisiform - * Trapezium , Trapezoid Capitate Hamate Clavipectoral Fascia www.medinaz.com Lymphatic vessels “ce ” Cephalic vein ” LA p Acromiothoracic ar www.medinaz.comElbow Flexion Muscles vrnw.madinaz cam Biceps “3 B’s Bend the elbow” Brachialis Brachioradialis SN Nerves Injured in Humerus Fracture rw. medinaz.com Axillary nerve (Head) Radial nerve (Mid shaft) “ARM » Median nerve (Supracondylar) www.medinaz.comMuscles supplied by Median nerve “LO AF” Lateral two lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis | “= oe” Flexor pollicis brevis www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY LOWER LIMB www.medinaz.comTarsal Bones Talus The Circus Needs More Interesting Little Clowns Calcaneus Navicular ee e Medial cuneiform i & Intermediate cuneiform e Lateral cuneiform Kk, Cuboid = www.medinaz.com. Tarsal Tunnel Contents www.medinaz.com Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus Artery posterior tibial Not Hungry Nerve tibial “These Ducks Are flexor Hallucis longus TibiaLis Past Tibia Tibia Muscle Attachments “Please Engage with The Tall Sli Peroneus longus Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior Tibialis posterior Soleus Gastrocnemius www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY THORAX www.medinaz.com‘MEDINAZ Deep Muscles of Back www.medinaz.com Splenius capitis “Senior Engineer Invited Erector spinae In States To See 5? Interspinales Intertransversa Splenius cervice Transversosp! Semispinalis www.medinaz.com‘McmDInAs Nerve root supply of long thoracic nerve which innervates serratus anterior \www.medinaz.com C5, C6, C7 “Five(5) six(6), seven (7) raise your arms to heaven” Vertebral Level Openings www.medinaz.com www.medinaz.comRelationship of Thoracic Duct www.medinaz.com Duck = Thoracic Duct 2 Gooses = esophaGus & azyGos vein “The Duck is between two Gooses” www.medinaz.comGROSS ANATOMY PELVIS www.medinaz.com‘MEDINAZ Broad Ligament Contents www.medinaz.com Bundle (ovarian neurovascular bundle) Round ligament Ovarian ligament Artefacts (vestigial structures) Duct (oviduct) “BROAD” Mesosalpinx Mesovarium Ovarian Artery Ovarian Vein Suspensory Ligament Uterine Tube Ovary Broad Ligament Round Ligament Ovarian Ligament Cardinal Ligament Uterosacral Ligament Vagina www.medinaz.comComplications of Undescended Testis ( Cryptorchidism ) Tumor Epididymo orchitis Seminoma Torsion, Trauma Inguinal Hernia Sterility Femoral Hernia www.medinaz.com F€Moral Hernia most commonly occurs in FEMale www.medinaz.comMuscular support of Uterus Perineal body Urogenital diaphragm Levator ani (Pelvic diaphragm) Testicular Vein Drainage www.medinaz.com Right Testicular vein Rightly drained to the IVC Left Testicular vein was Left out and hence drained to Left Renal vein roto Yi Pengo www.medinaz.com2D MISCELLANEOUS www.medinaz.comy we * Cardiac Abnormalities Abnormat Facies Thymic Aptasia Cleft Palate Hypocalcemia 2291! deletion Carpal tunnel syndrome (causes) Myxoedema dema Peemenstnually Diabetes Idiopa thic Acromegaly Neoptasm Trauma Rheumatoid anitiitis Compressed Amyloidosis Median nerve Pregnancy www.medinaz.comCardiac tissue conduction velocity fastest Purkinje System Atrial “muscle Ventricular muscte Av node ahir Is A Hungry Man ‘band \, Mine www.medinaz.comAuscultation Triangle www.medinaz.com “auSCuLTation” SCapula (laterally) Lattismus dorsi (inferiorly) ‘Triangle of Trapezius (sup. & medially) auscultation Latissimus dorsi www.medinaz.comAutosomal Dominant Disorders — “Very Powerful DOMINANT Human” Von willebrand disease / Von hippel-lindau Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism Dystrophia myotonica Osteogenesis imperfectif / Osler-weber-rendu Marfan syndrome Intermittent porphyria Neurofibromatosis Achondroplasia / Adult polycystic kidney dis. Noonan syndrome Tuberous sclerosis Hypercholesterolemia Huntington's dis Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy Hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary non polyposis coli Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia www.medinaz.comBall & Socket Joints Talonavicular CELL CYCLE STAGES Go ——+ G1 phase Simran — S phase Go ——+ G2 phase ‘Make ——; M phase Chicken —C phase 6- www.medinaz.comEDWARDS SYNDROME Eighteen (trisomy) Digit overlapping flexion Wide head Absent intellect (mentally retarde Rocker bottom feet Diseased heart Small lower jaw (Mircrognathia) www.medinaz.com